Introduction
The Human Genome Project is a worldwide research effort initiated by the Department of Energy and the National Institutes of Health in 1987 as a multi-disciplinary effort to understand the basis of human heredity. This international collaboration is being carried out at several genome centers located in the United States, England, france and Japan The focus of the Human Genome Project is the Characterization of the human genome by determining the complete nucleotide sequence of our 24 different chromosomes, including the estimated 50,000 to 100,00 genes contained in human DNA project goals are to
Ø Identify all the approximately 30,000 genes in human DNA
Ø Determine the sequence of the 3 billion chemical base pairs that make up human DNA
Ø Store this information in databases,
Ø Improve tools for data analysis,
Ø Transfer related technologies to the private sector, and
Ø Address the ethica, legal, and social issues (ELSI) that may rise from the project.
What’s genome? And Why is it important?
Ø A genome is the entire DNA in an organism, including its genes. Genes carry information for making all the proteins required by all organisms. These protein determine, among other things, how the organism look, how well its body metabolizes food or fights infection, and sometimes even how it behaves.
Ø DNA is made up of four similar chemicals (called bases and abbreviated A,T, C, and G) that are repeated millions or billions of times throughout a genome.
Phrap: Genome mapping and assembly, to recognize the sequences of short fragments of raw DNA sequence data into a coherent whole
MAGPIE: Genome annotation, to connect functional information about the genome to specific sequence location.
http://www.rockefeller.edu/magpie/
Pip Maker: Genome comparison, to identify components of genome structure that differentiate one organism from another.
http://nog.cse.psu.edu/pipmaker/pip-instr.html
Array Viewer: Micro array image analysis to identify and quantitate spots in raw micro array data.
Melanie Viewer: 2D-PAGE analysis, to analyze,visualizes, and quantitates 2D-PAGE images.
http://www.expasy.ch/melanie/Viewer.htm
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